15 July 2026, Volume 27 Issue 4

    

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  Prevention and management of complications associated with synthetic mesh in pelvic organ prolapse surgery#br#

  YANG Xin, LEI Tonghao.

  Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(4): 289-291. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.04.001

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  Causes of failure and efficacy of repeat surgery after mid-urethral sling procedures for stress urinary incontinence

  LEI Tonghao, LIU Jing, SU Huina, ZHANG Mengyu, JIANG Xiaolin, YANG Xin.

  Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(4): 292-296. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.04.002

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  Objective To investigate the causes of failure after mid-urethral sling (MUS) surgery in patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and to evaluate the efficacy of targeted repeat surgical interventions. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 16 patients with SUI who underwent repeat surgery after failed MUS procedures at Peking University People's Hospital between November 2011 and September 2023. Surgical approaches, causes of failure, and outcomes of repeat interventions were evaluated. Results Among the 16 patients, the overall effective rate after repeat surgery was 93.80% (15/16). Thirteen patients were cured, including 11 after one repeat surgery and 2 after three surgical procedures; 2 patients achieved partial improvement (1 after one repeat surgery and 1 after three procedures), and 1 patient showed no improvement. The main causes of surgical failure included inappropriate selection of surgical approach (8 cases), sling loosening (4 cases), and periurethral tissue damage (4 cases); 5 patients had concomitant intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD). Symptom recurrence occurred at a mean of 1 month after the initial surgery. At 3 months after repeat surgery, scores on the short-form Urogenital distress inventory (UDI-6) and the short-form Incontinence impact questionnaire (IIQ-7) were significantly improved compared with preoperative values (P<0.05). The follow-up period ranged from the date of repeat surgery to 1 year postoperatively, and no severe repeat surgery–related complications were observed. Conclusions Failure of MUS procedures is mainly associated with surgical approach selection, sling tension, and periurethral tissue function. ISD often acts as a concomitant factor influencing surgical decision-making and prognosis. Targeted repeat surgical interventions can achieve favorable therapeutic outcomes.
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  Analysis of postoperative pain following laparoscopic lateral suspension versus anterior pelvic reconstruction with sacrospinous ligament fixation: A retrospective cohort study#br#

  HE Haipeng, MEN Yuqi, GUAN Ying, GAO Lei, SUN Xiaohui, SUN Xiuli, WANG Shiyan

  Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(4): 297-301. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.04.003

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  Objective To compare postoperative pain in patients with pelvic organ prolapse who underwent laparoscopic lateral suspension versus anterior pelvic mesh implantation combined with sacrospinous ligament fixation, and to explore the influencing factors. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent surgical treatment for pelvic organ prolapse at the People's Hospital of Peking University from February 2023 to January 2024. Patients were divided into two groups according to the surgical method: the laparoscopic lateral suspension group (LLS group, n=61) and the anterior pelvic mesh implantation plus sacrospinous ligament fixation group (TVM+SSLF group, n=89). Patient baseline information, perioperative indicators, and pelvic pain at different postoperative time points were collected. The degree of pain [Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)] was compared between the two groups at 24 hours, 
  1 month, 3 months, and 6 months post-surgery, and factors influencing pain were analyzed. Results ① There were no
  statistically significant differences in the preoperative general conditions between the two groups (P>0.05). ② The VAS score at 24 hours post-surgery was significantly lower in the LLS group compared to the TVM+SSLF group, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in VAS scores between the two groups at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months post-surgery (P>0.05). Additionally, selecting patients with a VAS score≥4, univariate analysis revealed that factors influencing pain at 24 hours post-surgery included age (P>0.05), surgical method (P<0.001), and operative duration (P<0.001). Further Logistic regression analysis of independent risk factors for pain showed that the surgical method, hemoglobin drop, and uterine preservation were influencing factors for postoperative pain. Conclusion Both laparoscopic lateral suspension and anterior pelvic mesh implantation with sacrospinous ligament fixation provide good anatomical correction for patients with pelvic organ prolapse. The incidence of postoperative pain is lower with laparoscopic lateral suspension compared to transvaginal sacrospinous ligament fixation.
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  A study of the risk factors for the development of medical device-related pressure injury in patients with total vaginal hysterectomy and the effect of the application of the modified position

  LI Hong, XIA Liangliang, WANG Chunmiao, JIANG Xue, LI Rui.

  Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(4): 302-306. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.04.004

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  Objective To evaluate the application effect of a modified lithotomy position in patients undergoing transvaginal hysterectomy (TVH) and to identify risk factors for postoperative medical device-related pressure injury (MDRPI) in these patients. Methods 128 patients scheduled for TVH at the Anesthesiology Department of Lu'an People's Hospital, Anhui Province, between January 2023 and March 2025 were enrolled and randomly assigned to a control group (n=64) or a modified position group (n=64). TVH was performed in the traditional lithotomy position for the control group and in a modified lithotomy position for the modified group. The incidence and stages of MDRPI and postoperative 24-hour Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores were compared between the two groups. All 128 patients were further categorized into an injury group (n=32) and a non-injury group (n=96) based on the occurrence of MDRPI. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors for MDRPI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to assess the predictive value of individual factors and their combination. Results Among the 128 patients, 32 developed MDRPI, with an overall incidence of 25.00%. The incidence of MDRPI was significantly lower in the modified group than in the control group [9 cases (14.06%), 23 cases (35.94%); P=0.004]. The modified group also exhibited lower postoperative 24-hour VAS pain scores compared to the control group [(3.24±1.13), (3.81±1.52); P=0.018]. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses identified traditional lithotomy position (OR=4.909, P=0.008), hypertension (OR=3.385, P=0.047), intraoperative hypothermia (OR=5.173, P=0.032), higher frequency of intraoperative urinary leakage (OR=1.806, P=0.014), and higher Waterlow score (OR=1.221, P<0.001) as independent risk factors for MDRPI in TVH patients. The combination of these five risk factors yielded an area under the ROC curve of 0.895 (95% CI: 0.831~0.960) for predicting MDRPI, with a sensitivity of 84.400% and a specificity of 85.400%, demonstrating superior predictive performance compared to any single factor. Conclusions The modified lithotomy position can reduce the incidence of MDRPI and alleviate postoperative pain in patients undergoing TVH. Traditional lithotomy position, hypertension, intraoperative hypothermia, frequent intraoperative urinary leakage, and a high Waterlow score are independent risk factors for MDRPI in TVH patients and possess significant predictive value.
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  Clinical prognosis and outcome analysis of 117 cases of oblique vaginal septum

  FANG Fei, ZHAO Zhiwei, WEN Jirui, SUN Yuchen, WU Jiang, MIAO Yali

  Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(4): 307-311. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.04.005

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  Objective To explore the impact of the untreated oblique vaginal septum (OVS) on female patients and their long-term condition of them after treatment. Methods 117 cases of OVS, hospitalized in West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, were collected from 2010 to December 2022. A retrospective study was conducted to examine the collected data. Results Main OVS symptoms include dysmenorrhea (52.14%), irregular menstruation (34.19%), and abnormal vaginal discharge (18.80%). Patients with partial vaginal/uterine communication had higher rates of irregular menstruation and abnormal vaginal discharge (47.5% vs. 25%, 32.5% vs. 12.5%). Patients without urinary malformations tend to seek medical attention later than patients with ipsilateral renal anomalies after menarche (17.5 years vs. 7 years). MRI had the highest positive diagnostic rate (90.91%), followed by ultrasound (76.70%). Complications included hematocolpos/hydrocolpos (53.85%), empyema/abscess (14.53%) of the genital tract, endometriosis (6.84%), infection (3.42%) and malignant tumor (4.27%). Overall complication risk increased 61.3% (95% CI: 1.141~2.280, P＜0.05) annually with delayed presentation. A total of 106 patients underwent OVS excision, 91.75% of them believed their life returned to normal, and 64.29% of patients with fertility desire achieved natural pregnancy. Conclusion Ultrasonography is a recommended diagnostic tool for its favorable balance of accuracy and cost-effectiveness, which can be utilized for early detection of OVS. OVS excision is an effective treatment. Timely identification and intervention are crucial for maintaining reproductive tract function in patients with OVS.
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  The application value of rapid detection of E7 oncoprotein in the diagnosis of cervical precancerous lesions

  ZHAO Chao, LI Mingzhu, ZHAO Yun, ZHANG Wei, CUI Shuhui, LI Jingran, WEI Lihui.

  Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(4): 312-315. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.04.006

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  Objective This study explores the role of rapid E7 oncoprotein detection in the diagnosis of cervical precancerous lesions. Methods A total of 580 patients aged 18-81 years who underwent colposcopy and biopsy for abnormal results of cervical cancer screening at Peking University People's Hospital between August  2025 and January 2026 were selected. All patients underwent rapid E7 oncoprotein testing before colposcopy. Samples were taken from the cervix, and tested using a colloidal gold method to detect the E7 oncoprotein in exfoliated cervical epithelial cells. Results were read within 15 minutes. Histopathological diagnosis was considered the gold standard. Results A total of 523 patients with complete data meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled. 307 patients (58.70%) were positive for HPV E7 oncoprotein, and 216 patients (41.30%) were negative. 334 patients (63.86%) had pathological histology of CIN1+, and 189 patients (36.14%) had chronic inflammation. The cutoff value for E7 oncoprotein testing is ≥11.45 ng/mL (using CIN1+ as the diagnostic threshold). Among patients with CIN1, 205 were positive for E7 oncoprotein. The concordance rate between E7 detection results and pathological CIN1 was 82.66%. Among the 62 patients with pathological histology of CIN2, 60 were positive for E7 oncoprotein. Among the 24 patients with pathological histology of CIN3, 24 were positive for E7 oncoprotein. The comparison of the E7 oncoprotein rapid test with histological CIN1+ results showed: sensitivity 86.53%, specificity 90.48%, positive predictive value 94.14%, and negative predictive value 79.17%. The comparison of the E7 oncoprotein rapid test with histological CIN2+ results showed: sensitivity 97.67%, specificity 48.97%, positive predictive value 27.36%, and negative predictive value 99.07%. Conclusion The rapid test results of E7 oncoprotein were largely consistent with the histopathological results of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix, demonstrating both high sensitivity and specificity, and thus possessing clinical application value in the diagnosis of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix. The rapid E7 oncoprotein test method is convenient, requires no special equipment or laboratory, is non-invasive, and provides results within 15 minutes, making it clinically valuable.
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  Analysis on human papillomavirus infection in reproductive women in gynecologic clinic

  ZHANG Xiaosong, GAO Di, WANG Linhong, ZHAO Gengli.

  Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(4): 316-320. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.04.007

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  Objective To investigate HPV infection status in gynecological outpatients and provide evidence for prevention and treatment of HPV related diseases. Methods From January 2021 to December 2022, 3 133 non~pregnancy patients were tested for HPV 21 subtypes and questioned in gynaecological clinics of 6 hospitals. Results HPV infection rate was 20.4%. The high-risk HPV infection rate was 18.0%, the highest detection rates were HPV 16 (3.6%) , HPV 52 (3.4%) , HPV 51 (3.1%) , HPV 58 (3.1%) and HPV 39 (2.0%) . Among the HPV positive cases, 69.6% were single infection and 30.4% were multiple infection. Logistic analysis showed that high-risk HPV infection rate was lower in the 40~44~year~old group than in the 20~24~year~old group (OR=0.64, 95% CI: 0.42~0.97) , the rate of high-risk HPV infection among women with the graduated and above was lower than that with  junior high school and below (OR=0.57, 95% CI: 0.37~0.88) . The detection rate of high-risk HPV infection in the minority nationality was higher than that in the Han nationality (OR=1.62, 95% CI: 1.10~2.37), the positive rate of married women was lower than that of unmarried women (OR=0.55, 95% CI: 0.44~0.68), gravidity≥1 time were lower than the group without pregnancies (1: OR=0.59, 95%CI: 0.45~0.77; 2: OR=0.61, 95%CI: 0.46~0.81; 3: OR=0.69, 95%CI: 0.44~0.68); 
  1 and 2 times of parity were lower the group without delivery (1: OR=0.54, 95%CI: 0.43~0.68; 2: OR=0.58, 95%CI: 0.44~0.77); one spontaneous abortion was lower than the group without abortion (OR=0.63, 95%CI: 0.40~0.97). Conclusions HPV infection rate of reproductive women in gynecological clinic was higher than that in general population. In the health education for prevention of HPV infection, young women, people with lower education level than junior middle school and minority nationality are the key population for health education, it is necessary to strengthen the understanding of HPV infection and safe sexual behavior.
  
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  Impact of repeatedly screening negative on the risk of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions

  WEI Wei, LIU Shuo, ZHANG Yan, SHEN Yi, ZHANG Yue, SHEN Jie, HAN Lili

  Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(4): 321-324. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.04.008

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  Objective To explore the dynamic changes in cervical cancer and precancerous lesions risk among eligible women who underwent multiple rounds of combined human papillomavirus (HPV) and cytology screening with consistently negative results. Methods From January 2015 to December 2023, 47 939 women aged 35~64 years underwent combined HPV and cytology testing for cervical cancer in Beijing. Agresti-Coull test was used to estimate the 5-year risk of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions in individuals with negative results in the initial combined screening and consistently negative results in the subsequent 3 rounds of screening. Results In the initial screening, the positive rate of cytology testing was 3.30%，which was significantly lower than that of HPV testing (10.33%, McNemar's χ2=2110.8, P<0.001）. Both rates decreased with increasing screening rounds (trend χ2=59.0 and 305.3, respectively; both P for trend<0.001). The detection rate of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions decreased with increasing screening rounds (trend χ2=64.1,  P for trend<0.001), with the detection rate in the first round being 10.9 times that in the second round. For women with positive HPV and (or) cytology results, the 5-year risk of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions was reduced by 4–6 times after the initial screening, and continued to decline in subsequent rounds (all P for trend<0.050). Conclusions Women with repeatedly negative screening results show extremely low disease risk. This outcome verifies the effectiveness of Beijing’s pilot screening program and supports a rational transition toward the strategies recommended by national and international guidelines.
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  Impact of excisional treatment on pregnancy outcomes in patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix: A systematic review and meta-analysis

  FU Chutong, ZHONG Huiyan, CHEN Yingyao, YANG Yi.

  Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(4): 325-329. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.04.009

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  Objective To systematically assess the impact of excisional treatment on subsequent pregnancy outcomes in patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). Methods Cohort studies from January 2015 to January 2026 comparing pregnancy outcomes between HSIL patients undergoing loop electrosurgical excision procedure or cold knife conization and healthy individuals without surgical history were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, and CBM. After data extraction and assessment of the risk of bias in the included studies, Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 18.0 software. Results A total of 24 studies involving, 5 423 participants were included. Meta-analysis showed that, cervical excisional treatment significantly increased the risk of subsequent adverse pregnancy outcomes: miscarriage (OR=2.315, 95% CI: 1.583~3.386), preterm birth (OR=2.358, 95% CI: 1.907~2.916), and premature rupture of membranes (OR=1.907, 95% CI: 1.416~2.570). Subgroup analysis indicated that both CKC and LEEP independently and significantly increased the risk for multiple adverse outcomes.There was no statistically significant difference in preterm birth risk between the conization depth≤15 mm group and the control group(P＞0.05). Conclusion Current evidence suggests that excisional treatment for HSIL increases the risk of various adverse pregnancy outcomes, however, conization depth≤15 mm shows no significant impact. Clinical decision-making should balance treatment necessity against potential reproductive health risks.
  
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  Study on the association between KCNQ1 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms and gestational diabetes mellitus

  WANG Xueyin, ZHANG Xiaosong, JUAN Juan, GAO Di, TONG Yulong, YANG Huixia.

  Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(4): 330-334.

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  Objective  To examine the association between polymorphisms of postassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT-like member 1 (KCNQ1) gene and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and their interactions on GDM. Methods This matched case-control study recruited women with GDM and age-matched controls who had a singleton fetus and visited Peking University First Hospital from July 2022 to June 2023. The KCNQ1 rs2237895, rs2237896, rs151290, rs8234 and rs2283228 were genotyped using time-of-flight mass spectrometry genotyping technology. Conditional logistic regression models were conducted to analyze the association between polymorphisms and GDM. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction was used to assess interactions between five polymorphisms on GDM. Multivariable linear regression models were used to evaluate the association between polymorphisms and glucose levels. Results This study enrolled 503 women with GDM and 503 age-matched controls. After adjusting for pre-pregnancy body mass index, parity, chronic hypertension and gestational weight gain at 24 weeks’ gestation, KCNQ1 rs2237896 (OR=1.44, 95% CI: 1.06~1.95, P=0.020) and rs2283228 (OR=1.41, 95% CI: 1.04~1.90, P=0.025) were found to be associated with GDM risk in the dominant genetic models, and there was a significant interaction between rs2237896 and rs2283228 on GDM (P=0.011). After multiple adjustment, rs2237896 (β=0.070, 95% CI: 0.010~0.130, P=0.023), rs151290 (β=0.094, 95% CI: 0.032~0.155, P=0.003), rs8234 (β=0.070, 95% CI: 0.001~0.138, P=0.047) and rs2283228 (β=0.076, 95% CI: 0.017~0.134, P=0.012) were associated with fasting glucose in the dominant genetic models, while rs2237896 (β=0.260, 95% CI: 0.007~0.513, P=0.044) and rs2283228 (β=0.347, 95% CI: 0.098~0.596, P=0.006) were related to 1-hour glucose. Conclusions KCNQ1 rs2237896 and rs2283228 were associated with GDM risk, and there was a significant interaction between these two polymorphisms on GDM.
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  Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes: A retrospective cohort study

  JIANG Yuanhui, XU Chen, ZHEN Shiping, ZHANG Yan.

  Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(4): 335-338. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.04.011

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  Objective  To investigate the clinical characteristics and pregnancy outcomes of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy (APIP) with different etiologies. Methods  A retrospective cohort study was conducted. A total of 47 pregnant women with APIP at 11–39 weeks of gestation admitted to Peking University Third Hospital from January 2013 to July 2021 were enrolled. Patients were divided into three groups according to etiology: acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP), hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis (HTG-AP), and other etiologies. All cases were further stratified into mild and severe groups based on disease severity. Laboratory parameters and pregnancy outcomes were compared among all groups. Results Among the 47 APIP patients, 74.5% presented with mild disease and 25.5% with severe disease. The ABP group accounted for 31.9% of cases, while the HTG-AP group accounted for 51.1%. HTG-AP was significantly correlated with an increased incidence of severe acute pancreatitis compared with the ABP group and the other etiology group (P=0.005). Statistically significant differences were observed in laboratory indicators including triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein among APIP patients stratified by disease severity and etiology (P<0.05). Fetal loss occurred in 6 cases (12.8%), including 2 cases in the first trimester, 1 case in the second trimester, and 3 cases in the third trimester. Iatrogenic fetal loss was identified in 3 patients at 28~29 weeks of gestation; neonatal early death occurred after termination of pregnancy due to critical maternal conditions. The risk of iatrogenic fetal loss was higher in the severe group than in the mild group (P=0.045). Conclusions Although the overall incidence of APIP is low, hypertriglyceridemic APIP and severe APIP are associated with fetal loss. Early diagnosis and identification of APIP are essential to reduce the rate of fetal loss and improve maternal and fetal prognosis.
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  Ultrasound parameters in early second stage of labor: Prediction of cesarean delivery in primiparas with varied pre-pregnancy weight

  LIU Yingping, JIA Yin, PEI Yan, CHEN Yi, JIANG Haili.

  Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(4): 339-343. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.04.012

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  Objective This study aims to explore the predictive value of the Δangle of progression (AOP) and Δhead-perineum distance (HPD), measured through transperineal ultrasound during the early second stage of labor among women different pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) categories. Methods This prospective cohort study included 286 singleton pregnant women who delivered at Beijing obstetrics and gynecology hospital, Capital Medical University, between February 2024 and January 2025. During the early second stage of labor, AOP and HPD were measured using transperineal ultrasound during both contraction and rest phases, and the difference between these measurements is defined as ΔAOP and ΔHPD, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to assess the predictive performance of ΔAOP, ΔHPD, and their combination for cesarean section (CS). Results (1) Among the 286 participants, 16 (5.6%) underwent CS, while 270 (94.4%) underwent operative vaginal deliveries or spontaneous vaginal deliveries. (2) A cutoff of 11.5° from the ROC curves of ΔAOP predicted CS [sensitivity 80%, specificity 56.8%, area under cureve (AUC) 0.694, P=0.049], and 3.5 mm from ΔHPD predicted CS (sensitivity 100%, specificity 56.8%, AUC 0.821, P=0.005) in normal weight group, while there was no statistically significant difference in the prediction of CS in underweight group and overweight group (all P>0.05). (3) Combining ΔAOP and ΔHPD provided a meaningless prediction of CS (all P>0.05). Conclusions BothΔAOP andΔHPD have good predictive value for CS in the normal weight group. BMI-stratified monitoring of contraction-induced fetal head displacement can guide delivery management.
  
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  In vitro analysis of the cytotoxic potential of dendritic cells loaded with HPV16 E6 mutation-specific  antigen peptides on SiHa cervical cancer cells

  Gulbanu Muhaimaiti, Abidan Turhan, Han Lili, Mayinuer Niyazi.

  Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(4): 344-347. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.04.013

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  Objective Prepare HPV16E6 mutated sequence-specific antigen peptides, load them onto dendritic cells, and observe and analyze their cytotoxicity against the cervical cancer cell line SiHa under in vitro co-culture conditions. Methods Thirty Uyghur patients with cervical cancer treated at the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from 2019 to 2020 were selected. Peripheral blood was collected from these patients and divided into three groups: a control group, a DC group, and a DC+Peptide group. Each group of DCs was co-cultured with T lymphocytes at a ratio of 1:50. The expression of IFN-γ in T lymphocytes was assessed using FACS, and the release of IFN-γ in the cell culture supernatant was measured by ELISA. CD8+T cells were isolated and purified using magnetic beads and then co-cultured with SiHa cells at varying ratios. The cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated lysis of SiHa cells was detected using the standard lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. Results The expression of IFN-γ in T lymphocytes in the DC+Peptide group (0.86±0.32)% was significantly higher than that in the control group (0.16±0.04)% and the DC group (0.14±0.03)% (P<0.05). IFN-γ release in culture in the DC+Peptide group (85.86±17.32) was significantly higher than that in the control group (46.16±15.72) and the DC group (57.14±9.64) (P<0.05). The LDH release assay results indicated that T lymphocytes sensitized by the DC+Peptide group could effectively and specifically kill SiHa cells under different effector-to-target ratios of 10:1, 20:1, and 40:1. The specific lysis rates were 27.80%, 38.90%, and 53.70%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the DC group (10.80%, 20.10%, 37.50%) and the control group (7.80%, 10.40%, 15.22%) (P<0.05). Conclusions DCs loaded with antigenic peptides enhance the immune activity of T cells and can effectively and specifically kill cervical cancer cells SiHa, demonstrating potential in immunotherapy for cervical cancer.