15 January 2026, Volume 27 Issue 1
    

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  • Focus on HPV Infection in Men
    LI Mingzhu, ZHAO Yun, WEI Lihui.
    Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(1): 1-3. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.01.001
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  • Analysis of influencing factors on cervical canal adhesion after high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia LEEP
    LIN Ping, CHEN Huan, WANG Jing, LI Rui, ZHAO Ning.
    Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(1): 4-6. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.01.002
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    Objective To analyze the influencing factors of cervical canal adhesion in patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) after loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). Methods The clinical data of 106 patients with HSIL who received LEEP treatment in Hengshui People's Hospital from January 2022 to December 2024 were retrospectively collected. The follow-up data were reviewed. According to the occurrence of cervical canal adhesion after the operation, they were divided into the adhesion group (n=23) and the non-adhesion group (n=83). Clinical data, including follow-up records, were collected via the hospital's electronic medical record system to analyze risk factors for cervical adhesion after LEEP. Results The adhesion group had greater age, intraoperative blood loss, and resection depth, and higher rates of wound infection, premature sexual activity, and vaginal dysbiosis than the non-adhesion group (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that intraoperative bleeding volume, resection depth, wound infection, premature sexual activity, and vaginal microbiota imbalance were the influencing factors for cervical canal adhesion after LEEP in HSIL patients (P<0.05). Conclusions Intraoperative bleeding volume, resection depth, wound infection, premature sexual activity, and vaginal microbiota imbalance are influencing factors for cervical canal adhesion after LEEP in HISL patients.
  • The relationship between ACTN4, FOXQ1 and the clinicopathological characteristics of cervical cancer patients and their application value in prognostic evaluation
    MA Hui, SHU Lisha, SUN Lijia, YIN Xiaoxia, YANG Bo, CHEN Xinwei.
    Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(1): 11-14. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.01.004
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    Objective To explore the relationship between α-actinin-4 (ACTN4), forkhead box Q1 (FOXQ1) and the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of cervical cancer patients. Methods The clinical data of 100 patients with cervical cancer who were treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from January 2017 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Cancer tissues and adjacent tissues without cancer infiltration, confirmed by pathology, were collected. Protein expression was detected by immunohistochemistry, and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters was analyzed. The predictive value of the two indicators for patient prognosis was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier, Cox regression and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results The expression of ACTN4 and FOXQ1 was upregulated in cancer tissues (both P<0.05). The 5-year overall survival rate of the high expression group of ACTN4 and FOXQ1 was lower (both P<0.05), and was independently related to advanced FIGO stage, low differentiation, deep invasion and lymph node metastasis (all P<0.05). The AUC of the two combined in predicting 5-year survival was 0.905, with a sensitivity of 92.35% and a specificity of 86.70%. Conclusions High expression of ACTN4 and FOXQ1 is closely related to poor prognosis of cervical cancer and can be used as independent prognostic markers. Combined detection can improve the efficiency of prognosis assessment.
  • Association between vaginal microenvironment, Th1/Th2 cytokine expression, and HPV genotyping in patients with cervical cancer
    Duo Yali, XIE Chunyan, WANG Ningning, TIAN Peng, LI Qinglu, KANG Cong.
    Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(1): 15-18. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.01.005
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    Objective To investigate the relationship between the vaginal microenvironment, Th1/Th2 cytokine expression, and human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping in patients diagnosed with cervical cancer. Methods From May 2021 to May 2023, a total of 500 cases underwent pre-cervical cancer screening in Hengshui People's Hospital. According to the HPV test results, they were divided into the high-risk HPV group, the low-risk HPV group and the HPV-negative group. The associations between the vaginal microenvironment, the expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines and HPV typing were analyzed. Results Significant differences were observed in pH levels, hydrogen peroxide, leukocyte esterase, sialidase, proline aminopeptidase, and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase among the three groups (P<0.05). Significant variations were also noted in interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-12, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-13 levels across the three groups (P<0.05). Correlation analysis revealed that IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, and IL-12 showed negative correlations, while IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-13 demonstrated positive correlations with HPV genotypes (P<0.05). Conclusions Alterations in the vaginal microenvironment and imbalances in Th1/Th2 cytokine expression are correlated with HPV genotypes. More severe alterations in the vaginal microenvironment and greater imbalances in Th1/Th2 cytokine expression are indicative of a higher likelihood of high-risk HPV infection in patients.
  • Correlation between IL-6, IL-10 and complement C4 in vaginal secretions and HR-HPV infection
    SUN Chong, DIAO He, ZHANG Xinying.
    Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(1): 19-22. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.01.006
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    Objective To explore the correlation between interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and complement C4 in vaginal secretions and high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection. Methods A total of 120 patients with HR-HPV infection and 60 healthy women in Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology and Obstetrics were enrolled as HR-HPV group and control group between September and December 2024. The levels of IL-6, IL-10 and complement C4 in vaginal secretions were compared between the two groups, and their predictive value in HR-HPV infection was analyzed by ROC curves. The levels of IL-6, IL-10, complement C4 and HR-HPV load in patients with different degree of cervical lesions were compared. The relationship between IL-6, IL-10, complement C4 and HR-HPV load was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis. Results The levels of IL-6, IL-10 and complement C4 in HR-HPV group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05). ROC curves analysis showed that AUC of IL-6 combined with IL-10 and complement C4 for predicting the risk of HR-HPV infection were 0.904 (P<0.05). With the aggravation of cervical lesions, IL-6, IL-10, complement C4 and HR-HPV load were gradually increased (P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that IL-6, IL-10 and complement C4 were positively correlated with HR-HPV load (P<0.05). Conclusions The levels of IL-6, IL-10 and complement C4 in vaginal secretions are abnormally increased in patients with HR-HPV infection, which are increased with the increase of lesion grading. The three indexes are all positively correlated with HR-HPV load, which can be applied as clinical predictors for the occurrence and development of cervical diseases.
  • The effect of preoperative lipid metabolism expression on postoperative recurrence of endometrial cancer after laparoscopic radical surgery
    WANG Suzhen, MA Yulei, LI Shihan, SHI Xiaoxia.
    Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(1): 23-25. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.01.007
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    Objective To investigate the effect of preoperative abnormal expression of lipid metabolism on the recurrence of endometrial cancer (EC) patients after laparoscopic radical surgery. Methods The data of 142 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical resection of EC were collected. Based on the postoperative tumor recurrence, the patients were divided into a recurrence group and a non-recurrence group. The basic data and preoperative lipid metabolism index levels of the two groups were compared. The effect of preoperative lipid metabolism indexes on recurrence of EC patients after laparoscopic radical resection was analyzed. Results The postoperative recurrence rate of 142 EC patients was 28.17% (40/142). Compared with the non-recurrence group, the recurrence group had a higher proportion of poorly differentiated cancer cells, higher preoperative serum TC and LDL-C levels, and lower serum HDL-C levels (P<0.05). The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that low differentiation of cancer cells, high preoperative serum TC and LDL-C levels, and low serum HDL-C levels were the influencing factors for postoperative recurrence in EC patients undergoing laparoscopic radical surgery (P<0.05). The correlation strength between the three levels and the postoperative recurrence risk coefficient of patients showed a non-linear dose-response relationship (P<0.05). Conclusions Preoperative serum TC and LDL-C overexpression, as well as low HDL-C expression, may indicate a high risk of recurrence in EC patients undergoing laparoscopic radical surgery.
  • Influence of adjuvant chemotherapy dose adjustment on prognosis in elderly patients with advanced ovarian cancer comorbidities
    WU Yan, OU-YANG Jianghua, WU Yanli, TANG Mengdong, GAO Yongmei.
    Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(1): 26-29.
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    Objective To investigate the influence of adjustment of adjuvant chemotherapy dose on the prognosis in elderly patients with advanced ovarian cancer comorbidities. Methods The clinical data of elderly patients with advanced ovarian cancer comorbidities who were initially treated in department of gynecological oncology of Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were retrospectively analyzed from January 2016 to January 2019. All patients received initial cytoreductive surgery, and started adjuvant chemotherapy (platinum-based first-line chemotherapy regimen) at 7~21 days after surgery. According to whether the chemotherapy dose was adjusted, the patients were divided into full dose group (n=50) and chemotherapy dose adjustment group (n=52). The clinical efficacy, serum tumor markers [carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) and human epididymis secretory protein 4 (HE4)] and occurrence of adverse reactions were compared between groups. The patients in both groups were followed up, and the survival curve was drawn by Kaplan-Meier method. The prognosis and survival of the two groups were observed and compared. Results There were no obvious differences in ORR and DCR between the chemotherapy dose adjustment group and the full dose group (P>0.05). After the end of treatment, serum levels of CA125 and HE4 in both groups were decreased (P<0.05), while the difference between groups was not significant (P>0.05). The incidence rates of gradeⅢ~Ⅳgastrointestinal reactions and gradeⅢ~Ⅳanemia were lower than those in the full dose group (P<0.05). The progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were no significant difference between the chemotherapy dose adjustment group and the full dose group (P>0.05). Conclusions Compared with the full dose of chemotherapy, adjuvant chemotherapy dose adjustment for elderly patients with advanced ovarian cancer comorbidities can relieve the adverse reactions and will not affect the clinical efficacy and prognosis of patients.
  • Relationship between the expression of miR-143 and miR-145 in ovarian cancer tissues and HPV16/18 infection and prognosis#br#
    LIU Longping, WU Huiyun, XIE Chao, CHEN Rong, ZHAO Jianhua, CHENG Ziyuan
    Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(1): 30-33. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.01.009
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    Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of miR-143 and miR-145 in ovarian cancer tissues and human papillomavirus (HPV) 16/18 infection and prognosis. Methods A total of 120 patients with ovarian cancer who received treatment in Jingdezhen First People's Hospital from February 2020 to July 2023 were selected as the study objects. The expression levels of miR-143 and miR-145 in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues of patients were detected and compared. The expression levels of miR-143 and miR-145 in cancer tissues of patients with different ages, clinical stages, and clinical characteristics such as HPV16/18 infection were compared. The patients were followed up for 6 months and divided into a poor prognosis group (n=36) and a good prognosis group (n=84) according to the prognosis. The expression levels of miR-143 and miR-145 in cancer tissues of the two groups were compared. ROC curve was drawn to evaluate the value of miR-143 and miR-145 expression in cancer tissue for the short-term prognosis of ovarian cancer patients. Results The expression levels of miR-143 and miR-145 in cancer tissues were significantly lower than those in paracancer tissues (P<0.05). The expression levels of miR-143 and miR-145 in cancer tissues from patients with tumors larger than 2 cm, FIGO stagesⅢtoⅣ, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and HPV16/18 infection were decreased (P<0.05). The expression levels of miR-143 and miR-145 in cancer tissue of patients in the poor prognosis group were significantly lower than those of patients in the good prognosis group (P<0.05). ROC results showed that the area under the joint evaluation curve (AUC) of miR-143, miR-145 and cancer tissue was 0.767, 0.797 and 0.838, the detection sensitivity was 0.738, 0.786 and 0.869, and the specificity was 0.750, 0.667 and 0.750, respectively. The effectiveness of combined evaluation was significantly better than that of individual evaluation (P<0.05). Conclusions The expression of miR-143 and miR-145 in cancer tissues is related to HPV16/18 infection in ovarian cancer patients, and has good predictive value for the short-term prognosis of patients.
  • Effects of ZBED2 on proliferation, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cell through regulating JAK signaling pathway
    ZHANG Xinxin, DONG Yan, LI Jun, HUO Yanqin.
    Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(1): 34-37. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.01.010
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    Objective To investigated the functional role and mechanism of zinc finger BED-type containing 2 (ZBED2) in proliferation, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer. Methods RT-qPCR was used to detect ZBED2 expression in ovarian cancer cell OVCAR3. OVCAR3 cell was divided into shRNA group (negative control), shZBED2 group (down expression of ZBED2) and shZBED2+JAK group (down expression of ZBED2 and JAK activator). The expression levels of p-JAK1, p-STAT3 and ZBED2 were testified by RT-qPCR or western blot. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), Wound-healing and Tran-swell assays were performed to assess the cell viability, migrative and invasive abilities of OVCAR3 cell. Results ZBED2 were up-regulated in ovarian cancer tissues and cell. The expression of p-JAK1, p-STAT3 and ZBED2 were curtailed in shZBED2 group as compared with shRNA group and elevated in shZBED2+JAK group as compared with shZBED2 group (P<0.01). The cell viability, migrative and invasive abilities of OVCAR3 cell were significantly suppressed in shZBED2 group as compared with shRNA group, and promoted in shZBED2+JAK group as compared with shZBED2 group (P<0.01). Conclusions ZBED2 functions to be oncogenic in the progression of ovarian cancer through activating JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway, which suggests the therapeutic potential of ZBED2 for ovarian cancer.
  • Clinical study on the prediction of prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer by the expression of ferroptosia-related proteins FLC and FHC in ovarian tissue
    FAN Shaobei, ZHAO Beibei, QIAO Wenlan, JIE Xiaofeng, XIE Zhen, WANG Miao, HUA Tian.
    Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(1): 38-41. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.01.011
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    Objective To study the relationship between expression levels of ferroptosis-related proteins in ovarian tissues and the prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and analyze the predictive value. Methods The ovarian cancer tissues and adjacent tissues of 104 patients with EOC who received initial surgical treatment in Xingtai People's Hospital were collected from January 2020 to January 2022. The expression levels of ferritin light chain (FLC) and ferritin heavy chain (FHC) were detected by immunohistochemistry. The relationship between FLC and FHC and the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of EOC was analyzed. Results The positive rates of FLC and FHC and mean optical density (MOD) in EOC cancer tissues were higher than those in adjacent tissues (P<0.05). FLC was associated with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging (P<0.05), and FHC was related to FIGO staging and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis suggested that FIGO staging [HR (95%CI)=3.12 (1.28-7.62)], chemotherapy [HR (95%CI)=0.41 (0.21-0.81)] and FHC [HR (95%CI)=2.74 (1.08-6.95)] were independent risk factors affecting the survival prognosis in EOC patients (P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival curve indicated that FHC was correlated with overall survival (P<0.001), and FLC was not significantly correlated with overall survival (P=0.134). Conclusions The expressions of ferroptosis-related proteins such as FLC and FHC in ovarian tissues of EOC patients are significantly increased, and the level of FHC is related to the prognosis in EOC patients.
  • The protective effect of catalpol on ovarian function in premature ovarian failure rats by adjusting Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway
    LI Yuxuan, REN Huan, ZHENG Yan, DU Juan.
    Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(1): 46-48. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.01.013
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    Objective To investigate whether the protective effect of catalpol on ovarian function in premature ovarian failure rats is related to the nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway. Methods Rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, low-, medium-, and high-dose catalpol groups, and high-dose catalpol+ML385 group. The level of oxidative stress was determined using corresponding detection kits. Serum sex hormone levels, ovarian histopathological changes, ovarian cell apoptosis, and protein expression were detected by ELISA, HE staining, TUNEL assay, and Western blot, respectively. Results In the control group, the ovaries of rats showed normal morphological characteristics, with relatively rare atretic follicles, and follicles at various developmental stages could be observed; the model group showed an increase in blocked follicles and a decrease in normal follicles. For the control group, the model group showed a decrease in AMH, E2, SOD, Bcl-2, Nrf2, and HO-1, and an increase in FSH, ROS, MDA, apoptosis rate, Cleaved caspase-3, and Bax (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the low-, medium-, and high-dose catalpol groups showed opposite improvements in the above indicators; compared with the high-dose catalpol group, the improvement trend of the above indicators was reversed in the high-dose catalpol+ML385 group. Conclusions Catalpol may protect ovarian function in rats with premature ovarian failure by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
  • Risk factors of GDM in twin pregnancy and its influence on pregnancy outcome
    HAO Junlan, WANG Junru, LI Ru, WANG Jing, YIN Linlin, HAN Xingsi, GUO Jiayi.
    Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(1): 49-51. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.01.014
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    Objective To investigate the risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and its influence on pregnancy outcome. Methods A total of 180 pregnant women with twin pregnancies admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to August 2024 were divided into GDM group (38 cases) and non-GDM group (142 cases) according to whether the patients were combined with GDM. To analyze the risk factors of GDM in twin pregnancy and observe the effects on maternal and infant outcomes. Results Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), chorionic properties, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) history, fasting blood glucose (FPG) and triglyceride (TG) in early pregnancy were all risk factors for GDM in twin pregnancy (P<0.05); the incidences of gestational hypertension, 1/2 large for gestational age infants (LGA), and the total incidence of LGA in the GMD group were higher than the non-GDM group (P<0.05). Conclusions The occurrence of GDM in twin pregnancies is related to multiple risk factors and increases the incidence of gestational hypertension and LGA.
  • The relationship between serum endothelin-1, adiponectin expression and the risk of preeclampsia in early and mid pregnancy
    CAO Dan, LI Jiena, LI Ye, SANG Aihong, ZHANG Yuzhu, HE Xiaocui.
    Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(1): 52-55. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.01.015
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    Objective To explore the relationship between the expression of serum endothelin and adiponectin in early and mid pregnancy and the risk of preeclampsia. Methods A retrospective collection of clinical data was conducted on 358 pregnant women who were registered and delivered in Heze Municipal Hospital from January 2023 to January 2025. They were divided into an occurrence group (n=32) and a non-occurrence group (n=506) based on whether preeclampsia occurred during pregnancy. The levels of serum endothelin-1 and adiponectin in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy, as well as the differences in serum endothelin-1 (S endothelin-1) and adiponectin (S adiponectin) in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy were compared between the two groups. The relationship between serum endothelin-1 and adiponectin levels in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy and the risk of preeclampsia was analyzed. Results Compared with than those in the non-occurrence group, the levels of serum endothelin-1 in the early and mid-pregnancy groups were higher, and the levels of serum adiponectin were lower, the levels of S endothelin-1 and S adiponectin were higher (P<0.05). The level of serum endothelin-1 in the mid pregnancy group was higher than that in the early pregnancy group, and the level of adiponectin was lower than that in the early pregnancy group (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the levels of endothelin-1, adiponectin, and S endothelin-1, as well as S adiponectin values, in early and mid-pregnancy were all significant influencing factors for the occurrence of preeclampsia in pregnant women (P<0.05). Restrictive cubic spline (RCS) analysis showed a non-linear dose-response relationship between the risk of preeclampsia in pregnant women and the levels of endothelin-1, adiponectin, and S endothelin-1 and S adiponectin in early and mid pregnancy. Conclusions The dynamic changes in serum endothelin-1 and adiponectin levels during early and mid-pregnancy can aid in the early clinical identification of high-risk groups for preeclampsia.
  • Value of serum microRNA-124-3p and placental microvascular indexes in the comprehensive evaluation of fetal growth restriction in elderly patients with preeclampsia
    SUN Yi, SONG Yingying, TANG Wenge, LIU Peng.
    Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(1): 56-59. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.01.016
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    Objective To observe the application value of changes of placental microvascular indexes and serum microRNA (miR)-124-3p on evaluating fetal growth restriction (FGR) in elderly patients with preeclampsia (PE). Methods 120 elderly patients with PE in Zibo First Hospital from May 2022 to May 2024 were selected, and 120 non-elderly PE patients and 120 non-PE healthy pregnant women were collected for comparison. The changes of placental microvascular blood flow were measured by ultrasound and the level of miR-124-3p was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The evaluation value of placental microvascular indexes and miR-124-3p on FGR was analyzed. Results The age in elderly PE patients was higher than that in non-elderly PE patients and non-PE healthy pregnant women (P<0.05), and the VI, FI and VFI in elderly PE patients and non-elderly PE patients were lower than those in non-PE healthy pregnant women (P<0.05) while serum miR-124-3p level was higher than that in non-PE healthy pregnant women (P<0.05), and the placental VI, FI and VFI in FGR patients among elderly PE patients were significantly lower than those in non-FGR patients (P<0.05) while serum miR-124-3p level was significantly higher than that in non-FGR patients (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis found that serum miR-124-3p level in FGR patients was negatively correlated with placental VI and VFI (r=-0.438,-0.309, P<0.05), but had no significant correlation with FI (r=-0.246, P>0.05). Logistic regression analysis suggested that serum miR-124-3p level was a risk factor for FGR (P<0.05), and placental PV, VI and FI were protective factors for FGR (P<0.05). ROC curve indicated that the AUCs of placental PV, VI, FI and serum miR-124-3p in evaluating the risk of FGR were 0.752, 0.770, 0.805 and 0.751, respectively. Concerning the main pathological results in the FGR group, the detection rates of increased syncytial nodules, poor vascular perfusion, accelerated villus maturation and decidual vascular disease were higher than those in the non-FGR group (P<0.05). Conclusions The decreases of placental microvascular indexes such as VI, FI and VFI and the increase of serum miR-124-3p level in elderly PE patients are related to the risk of FGR. The changes in these four indices are helpful for clinical identification of FGR.
  • A Study on the expression changes of vascular endothelial growth factor and connective tissue growth factor in the endometrium to predict the effectiveness of hysteroscopic treatment for intrauterine adhesions
    ZHOU Yanling, YANG Yuying, MA Junqi, LI Yan, Gulinigeer·Maihemuti.
    Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(1): 60-62. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.01.017
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    Objective To explore the expression changes of vascular endothelial growth factor and connective tissue growth factor in the endometrium to predict the effect of hysteroscopic treatment of intrauterine adhesions. Methods A total of 315 IUA patients admitted to the Department of Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2020 to December 2023 were selected and underwent hysteroscopic adhesion separation. Five cases were lost during follow-up. According to the efficacy, they were divided into an effective group (258 cases) and an ineffective group (52 cases). The expression levels of VEGF and CTGF in the endometrium were detected after surgery, and clinical baseline data were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors, and the ROC curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of VEGF and CTGF for surgical efficacy. Results The levels of endometrial VEGF and CTGF in the effective group were significantly lower than those in the ineffective group. Logistic regression analysis showed that VEGF and CTGF were independent risk factors for hysteroscopic treatment of IUA (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the VEGF cutoff value was 105.28, the sensitivity was 82.69%, the specificity was 84.11%, and the AUC was 0.765 (95%CI: 0.633-0.898); the CTGF cutoff value was 73.39, the sensitivity was 80.77%, the specificity was 79.07%, and the AUC was 0.884 (95%CI: 0.789-0.980). The comprehensive prediction model performed well, with a sensitivity of 94.23%, a specificity of 94.96%, and an AUC of 0.993 (95%CI: 0.979-1.000). Conclusions A certain proportion of intrauterine adhesions are still ineffective after hysteroscopic adhesion separation. VEGF and CTGF are abnormally highly expressed in the endometrium of the ineffective group, which can be used to predict clinical effects.
  • The correlation between serum IGF-1, NLRP3 and clinical pregnancy after ovulation induction therapy in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
    DONG Tingting, WANG Min, NIU Jianing.
    Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(1): 63-66. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.01.018
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    Objective To investigate the correlation between serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), Nod-Like Receptor Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 (NLRP3), and clinical pregnancy after ovulation induction therapy in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods A total of 172 PCOS patients who received ovulation induction treatment in Tengzhou Central People's Hospital from June 2022 to June 2024 were selected as the research subjects. Serum IGF-1 and NLRP3 levels were detected on the day of HCG injection, and clinical pregnancy conditions were observed and grouped. The correlation between serum IGF-1 and NLRP3 levels and clinical pregnancy after ovulation induction therapy in PCOS patients was analyzed. Results Out of 172 patients, a total of 168 completed treatment, of which 49 were clinically successful in pregnancy. The body mass index of patients in the failed pregnancy group was significantly higher , and the levels of triglycerides, anti Mullerian hormone (AMH), IGF-1, and NLRP3 were all higher (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that IGF-1, NLRP3, triglycerides, and AMH  were the influencing factors of clinical pregnancy in PCOS patients after ovulation induction treatment (P<0.05). According to the restricted cubic spline (RCS) model analysis, there was a non-linear dose-response relationship between serum IGF-1
    and NLRP3 levels and clinical pregnancy after ovulation induction treatment in PCOS patients. When serum IGF-1 and NLRP3 levels were greater than 276.6 μg/L and 1.21 ng/ml, respectively, the risk of clinical pregnancy failure continued to increase. Conclusions The clinical pregnancy outcomes of PCOS patients after ovulation induction therapy are closely related to serum IGF-1 and NLRP3 levels. When their levels are greater than 276.6 μg/L and 1.21 ng/ml, respectively, the risk of clinical pregnancy failure continues to increase.
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    Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(1): 77-78. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.01.024
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  • Chinese expert consensus on the management of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CIN 2) (2026 edition)
    Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2026, 27(1): 89-96. https://doi.org/10.13390/j.issn.1672-1861.2026.01.030
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    Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is the primary etiological factor for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CIN 2). The accuracy of CIN 2 diagnosis is affected by the limitations of colposcopic biopsy and the variability in pathological interpretation. Underdiagnosis or overdiagnosis may lead to missed detection of more severe lesions or overtreatment. Particularly for young women and those with fertility requirement, overtreatment can increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the future. Based on evidence-based medicine and China's national conditions, this consensus proposes refined management strategies for the CIN 2 women. Comprehensive consideration of multiple factors (including age, fertility needs, and lesion characteristics, etc) is required, for low-risk individuals eligible for conservative observation, close monitoring and dynamic assessment should be implemented. For high-risk individuals ineligible for conservative observation, it is recommended to undergo excisional treatment to reduce the risk of missed diagnosis and disease progression. For special populations of CIN 2: follow-up is the mainstay for pregnant women, with reassessment post-delivery; excisional treatment is preferred for postmenopausal women; and immunocompromised women require individualized assessment, enhanced monitoring, or active treatment.
ISSN 1672-1861　CN 11-4967/R
Responsible Institution
Ministry of Education People's Republic of China
Editing
Editorial Board of CCOG
Editor in chief
WEI Lihui
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